Javascript must be enabled to continue!

John Murray

Id: 0234
Category: Letter
Language: English
Archive: Records assembled by the State Paper Office, including papers of the Secretaries of State up to 1782
Collection: SP: Secretaries of State: State Papers Foreign, Turkey.
Reference: SP 97
Folder: SP 97/50 1774
Page range:183-195
Dispatch date: 17-10-1774
Dispatcher: Murray John (Grand Vizier)
Recipient: Earl of Rochford (Sir)
Tags: International     Middle East     

Abstract:

•    Επιστολή Αρ.22 του Murray (Κωνσταντινούπολη, 17 Οκτωβρίου 1774) προς τον The Right Honorable The Earl of Rochford με την οποία τον ενημερώνει μεταξύ άλλων σχετικά με τα πέντε άρθρα της συνθήκης ειρήνης, τα οποία έχουν φτάσει στα χέρια του και τα οποία αφορούν (α) την ανεξαρτησία της Κριμαίας και των εκεί Τατάρων, (β) την ναυτιλία, (γ) τις ηγεμονίες της Μολδαβίας και της Βλαχίας, (δ) την απόδοση των λιμανιών Γιενίκαλε, Κερτς και Κιλμπουρούμ στην Ρωσία, και (ε) την απόφαση για πληρωμή πολεμικών αποζημιώσεων από την Πύλη προς την Ρωσία.
Ως προς το άρθρο που αφορά στα ναυτιλιακά ζητήματα, ο Murray σημειώνει, πως με το άρθρο επιχειρείται να δοθούν αμοιβαία προνόμια στις ναυτιλίες και των δύο χωρών. Συγκεκριμένα η Πύλη παραχωρεί στα ρωσικά εμπορικά πλοία τα ίδια προνόμια στις σκάλες και στις περιοχές εμπορίου, τα οποία προνόμια έχουν ήδη άλλα έθνη. Επίσης, τα ρωσικά πλοία μπορούν να περνούν από την Μαύρη Θάλασσα στο Αιγαίο και το αντίστροφο και μπορούν να εμπορεύονται και να σταματούν σε κάθε λιμάνι, κόλπο, ακτή και ποτάμι της Τουρκίας. Παράλληλα, το άρθρο ορίζει, πως προνόμια παραχωρεί η Πύλη και στους Ρώσους που θα εμπορεύονται δια ξηράς αλλά και στον Δούναβη ποταμό, και οι Ρώσοι έμποροι όπως και οι Οθωμανοί έμποροι θα μπορούν να διαμένουν για όσο είναι απαραίτητο για τις εμπορικές τους δραστηριότητες στις δύο επικράτειες.
Για τα όσα αποφασίστηκαν για την ναυτιλία γράφει συγκεκριμένα ο Murray:
The article of Navigation
It is stipulated for the mutual benefit and advantage of both a free navigation for the ships and mercantile vessels belonging to both powers in all the seas which wash the confines of both Empires. That the Porte shall grant to the Russian ships and mercantile vessels the same advantages in all the scales and other places of trade that the other nations have, and they may pass from the Black Sea to the White and from the White to the Black and may stop in all the harbours, upon the coasts and in the passages and canals which are annexed to the above mentioned seas; and as it is here above specified the Porte shall grant to the Russians a free commerce by land as well as commerce by land as well as by sea, with the same privileges granted to her most favourite allies as France and England; and in like manner they shall be permitted to trade in the Danube. The articles and conventions of the above mentioned powers, and others, shall likewise be observed in favour of the Russian merchants and trade as if inserted in this article word for word.
That the Russian merchants after having paid the duties which other nations pay may import and export any sort of goods and may be permitted to go to the Black and other Seas, and to Constantinople; and in like manner it is allowed to the subjects of both powers the navigation and trade of all their seas and for their respective merchants to reside in each others dominions as long as shall be necessary to carry on their business. And in this article it is reciprocally agreed that they should grant to the Russian merchants likewise the same freedom and liberty granted to the subjects of the other friendly powers; and as the preservation of good order is most interesting the Sublime Porte shall permit consuls and vice consuls to be established in every place the Russians shall see convenient, and that they shall be considered ad regarded as the consul of all other friendly powers, and these consuls shall be permitted to have in their service baratteis that enjoy the same privileges as those in the service of the French, English and other nations.
That it is permitted to the Sublime Porte by the Court of Russia that her subjects after paying the usual duties may trade by sea and land in the dominions of Russia with the same privileges and distinctions as the nations the greatest friends to the Court of Russia; and in case of ships meeting with misfortunes they shall reciprocally afford them the same assistance as to those of all other powers, their greatest friends, and they shall cause them to have all necessaries at the current price.



The research project is implemented within the framework of the Action “Supporting Postdoctoral Researchers» of the Operational Program "Education and Lifelong Learning" (Action’s Beneficiary: General Secretariat for Research and Technology), and is co-financed by the European Social Fund (ESF) and the Greek State.